Evaluation of Flexible Pavement Distress Levels and Treatment Strategies on Timor Raya Road Km 9

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate flexible pavement conditions and establish treatment priorities based on the level of distress in each segment. A quantitative-descriptive approach was employed using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method. The study object was a hypothetical 1,000 m road section divided into 10 sample units, each 100 m long with an area of 700 m². The dataset used in this manuscript is simulated and includes surface-distress indicators consisting of cracking, potholes, rutting, and patching. The analytical stages included distress identification, density calculation, determination of deduct value and corrected deduct value, PCI calculation, condition classification, and treatment-priority assignment. The simulation results produced PCI values ranging from 27 to 76, with an average value of 51.9, indicating an overall poor pavement condition. Unit U8 had the highest PCI value of 76 and was classified as good, whereas U10 had the lowest PCI value of 27 and was classified as very poor. Segments with low PCI values were prioritized for rehabilitation, while segments in good and fair conditions were directed toward routine, preventive, or periodic maintenance. The results demonstrate that PCI can support systematic surface-condition evaluation and treatment prioritization; however, decisions regarding major rehabilitation or reconstruction must be verified through structural assessment, drainage evaluation, traffic analysis, and other technical investigations. This study provides a pavement-condition assessment framework that can subsequently be applied to actual field-survey data.